Microarray Analysis of Differential Expression of Long Non-coding RNAs in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Luminal A Breast Cancer

Background and objectives: In the post-genomic era, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in various cancers and hold potential as minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers. This study aimed to perform microarray analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptome to evaluate differential lncRNA expression in women with luminal A breast cancer. Methods: A one-color microarray analysis was conducted using SurePrint G3 Human Unrestricted 8×60K arrays and a SureScan Microarray Scanner (Agilent Technologies, USA). The study cohort comprised 16 participants: eight patients diagnosed with luminal A breast cancer and eight healthy controls. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using the “limma” and “tidyverse” packages in the R statistical environment. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to identify significantly differentially expressed gene clusters. The false discovery rate-adjusted p-value (padj) was applied to ensure methodological rigor. Associations between lncRNAs and disease progression were explored using the LncRNADisease 2.0 database. Results: Differential expression was observed for long intergenic non-coding (LINC), LOC, and antisense RNA genes. Notably, LINC RNA 974 (LINC00974) exhibited significant differential expression (log fold change > |1.5|, padj < 0.05) after multiple comparison correction. Analysis using the LncRNADisease 2.0 database revealed associations between LINC and antisense RNAs and other oncological disorders. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate differential lncRNA expression in PBMCs of patients with luminal A breast cancer. Despite the limited sample size, the study demonstrates statistically significant differences between groups, highlighting the potential of PBMC-derived lncRNAs as minimally invasive biomarkers. These findings enhance our understanding of the utility of PBMC-derived lncRNAs as biomarkers for breast cancer.

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